Furi: core refactoring and CMSIS removal part 2 (#1410)

* Furi: rename and move core
* Furi: drop CMSIS_OS header and unused api, partially refactor and cleanup the rest
* Furi: CMSIS_OS drop and refactoring.
* Furi: refactoring, remove cmsis legacy
* Furi: fix incorrect assert on queue deallocation, cleanup timer
* Furi: improve delay api, get rid of floats
* hal: dropped furi_hal_crc
* Furi: move DWT based delay to cortex HAL
* Furi: update core documentation

Co-authored-by: hedger <hedger@nanode.su>

furi/core/stdglue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+ * @file stdglue.h
+ * Furi: stdlibc glue
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/** Write callback
+ * @param      _cookie  pointer to cookie (see stdio gnu extension)
+ * @param      data     pointer to data
+ * @param      size     data size @warnign your handler must consume everything
+ */
+typedef void (*FuriStdglueWriteCallback)(void* _cookie, const char* data, size_t size);
+
+/** Initialized std library glue code */
+void furi_stdglue_init();
+
+/** Set STDOUT callback for your thread
+ *
+ * @param      callback  callback or NULL to clear
+ *
+ * @return     true on success, otherwise fail
+ * @warning    function is thread aware, use this API from the same thread
+ */
+bool furi_stdglue_set_thread_stdout_callback(FuriStdglueWriteCallback callback);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif